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Archives For November 30, 1999

How to Enable Minimize button in Elementary OS 7 App Windows

Last updated: February 1, 2023 — 2 Comments

Elementary OS 7 is finally released! Here’s how to enable the “Minimize” title-bar button in its app windows.

Elementary OS 7 is based on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS. It was released on Tuesday with many improvements on its core applications as well as desktop experience.

Like Fedora workstation, this Linux Distro does not has a ‘Minimize’ button out-of-the-box. But changing the button-layout key via either dconf-editor or gsettings does not function.

Step 1: Install Pantheon Tweaks

Pantheon Tweaks is simple configuration tool adds more options to configure Elementary OS’ Pantheon desktop appearance.

1. First, search for and open a terminal window from top-left ‘Application’ menu.

2. When terminal opens, run command to install the package for the ability to add PPA repositories:

sudo apt install software-properties-common

Run sudo apt update first on a fresh OS to update package index.

3. Next, run command to add the Ubuntu PPA that contains the Pantheon Tweaks package:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:philip.scott/pantheon-tweaks

4. After adding PPA, install the tool by running command:

sudo apt install pantheon-tweaks

Step 2: Enable Minimize button

After installing Pantheon Tweaks, open or re-open System Settings from the bottom dock launcher. When it opens, you’ll see a new “Tweaks” option under ‘Personal’.

Click on it to open the settings page. There’s a drop-down box for selecting layout of “Window Controls”. Just choose Windows, Ubuntu, macOS, add minimize, or whatever option that you prefer.

The title-bar button layout will change immediately! Done.

In Howtos Elementary OS

OnlyOffice Desktop Editors 7.3.0 Released! Native Dialogs & Better Flatpak/Snap Support

Last updated: February 1, 2023 — 2 Comments

OnlyOffice announced the new 7.3.0 release for its desktop editors office suite one day ago.

For Linux users, the new release now use native dialog windows (e.g., file manager and print). And, it adds support for xdg-desktop-portal in the file dialog window, meaning better desktop integration for application installed as Flatpak and/or Snap packages.

This release also add a Quick Print button right beside the original print button. Instead of bringing to the print configuration page, it will directly send your entire document to the last selected or default printer.

For the Spreadsheet Editor, there’s new Watch Window under Formula tab, as well as new functions include TEXTBEFORE, TEXTAFTER, TEXTSPLIT, VSTACK, HSTACK, TOROW, TOCOL, WRAPROWS, WRAPCOLS, TAKE, DROP, CHOOSEROWS, CHOOSECOLS.

Other changes in OnlyOffice 7.3.0 include:

Advanced forms via Forms tab in DOCXF files -> Available fields and Manage Roles menu
SmartArt (e.g., List, Process, Cycle, Hierarchy, Matrix) under Insert tab.
Ability to password protect document while allowing filling forms, commenting, or tracking changes.
Ability to add links between several spreadsheets
New Date and time, Zip Code, Credit Card for creating forms.
Support for creating math equations in both Unicode and LaTeX syntax.
Show/hide left and right panel.
Ability to insert data from the XML Spreadsheet 2003 file

How to Install OnlyOffice Desktop Editors 7.3:

The office suite is available to install in Ubuntu Linux in 3 different package formats: Snap, Deb, and Flatpak. Choose either one that you prefer.

1. Snap

Snap is an universal package format that runs in sandbox. Ubuntu 20.04 and higher users can simply search for and install OnlyOffice as Snap from Ubuntu Software.

The snap automatically receive updates, though the package at the moment of writing is still at version 7.2.1.

ONLYOFFICE Snap in Ubuntu Software

2. Deb

Deb is the native package format for Debian/Ubuntu and their based Linux systems. OnlyOffice provides the .deb package along with RPM, EXE, MSI, and DMG packages for downloading at the github releases page:

Download ONLYOFFICE

Just select download the “onlyoffice-desktopeditors_amd64.deb” package, then click in file manager to open with Software Install and install it.

3. Flatpak

Linux Mint user may prefer the Flatpak package a bit more, since it’s available to install directly from the Software Manager.

It’s another universal package format runs in sandbox. Ubuntu user can install ONLYOFFICE Desktop Editors as Flatpak by following the steps below one by one:

First, press Ctrl+Alt+T on keyboard to open a terminal window. When it opens, run command to install the Flatpak daemon:

sudo apt install flatpak

Then, install the office suite via:

flatpak install https://dl.flathub.org/repo/appstream/org.onlyoffice.desktopeditors.flatpakref

The Flatpak package is also in v7.2.1 at the moment, use the command flatpak update org.onlyoffice.desktopeditors to update the package once new version published.

Uninstall ONLYOFFICE Desktop Editor

Depends on which package you installed, choose to run either command below in a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) window to remove the office suite.

For the Snap package, remove it either via Ubuntu Software or by running the command below:

snap remove --purge onlyoffice-desktopeditors

For the native deb package, run command to remove it:

sudo apt remove onlyoffice-desktopeditors --autoremove

And to remove the package installed as Flatpak, run command:

flatpak uninstall --delete-data org.onlyoffice.desktopeditors

Also clear useless runtime libraries via flatpak uninstall --unused command.

In Howtos office

This Indicator Shows CPU, GPU, Memory Usage on Ubuntu 22.04 Panel

Last updated: May 6, 2024 — 7 Comments

There are several Gnome Shell extensions to display system resource usage in Ubuntu, but in this tutorial I’m going to introduce an indicator that works in not only GNOME, but also Unity, MATE, and Budgie desktop environments.

It’s Indicator-SysMonitor, a free and open-source applet developed by the leader of Ubuntu Budgie team.

With it, user can display the usage and/or temperature of the following system resource in top-panel:

average CPU usage.
NVIDIA GPU utilization.
Memory usage.
network upload/download speed.
CPU, NVIDIA GPU temperature.
Swap usage.
Public IP address.

Most important is that user can customize the output, by setting which one or ones to display, in which order with which text. User just need to click the indicator on panel to open ‘Preferences’ dialog from pop-down menu, and format the output code in ‘Advanced’ tab.

How to Install Indicator-Sysmonitor

UPDATE: This app is NOT updated for almost one year! It does NOT work anymore in my case in Ubuntu 24.04!

The developer has an Ubuntu PPA contains the packages for Ubuntu 18.04, Ubuntu 20.04, Ubuntu 22.04, Ubuntu 22.10, and even the next Ubuntu 23.04.

1. First, press Ctrl+Alt+T on keyboard to open a terminal window. When it opens, run command to add the PPA:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:fossfreedom/indicator-sysmonitor

Type user password when it asks and hit Enter to continue.

2. For the old Ubuntu 18.04, you need to manually refresh package index after adding PPA:

sudo apt update

3. And, install the indicator applet via command:

sudo apt install indicator-sysmonitor

Finally, search for and open the applet like a normal application (it has same icon to System Monitor).

And click on the applet to open Preferences, and turn on start at login, configure output layout, refresh interval, etc.

Uninstall Indicator-Sysmonitor

You can close the applet by clicking on it in panel and select “Quit”. And remove the package at any time by running a single command in terminal window:

sudo apt remove indicator-sysmonitor

Also remove the PPA repository, either by running the command below or open “Software & Updates”and remove source line under “Other Software” tab.

sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:fossfreedom/indicator-sysmonitor

In Howtos

How to Install LightZone RAW Photo Editor in Ubuntu 22.04 | 20.04

Last updated: January 29, 2023 — Leave a comment

There are several Lightroom alternative applications for editing your photos. LightZone is one of them works in Linux.

It’s a free and open-source professional-level digital darkroom and photo editor written in Java. It has less features than the popular Darktable and RawTherapee, but it’s good at processing black and white photos.

LightZone features include:

Windows, macOS, and Linux support.
Support RAW files for a variety of cameras.
Batch processing.
Range of available style filters
Many non-destructive tools
Raw tone curve modification

How to Install LightZone in Ubuntu:

The software has an official PPA so far with Ubuntu 18.04, Ubuntu 20.04, Ubuntu 22.04, Linux Mint 21/20 support.

1. First, press Ctrl+Alt+T on keyboard to open a terminal window. When it opens, run command to add the PPA repository:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:lightzone-team/lightzone

Type user password (no asterisk feedback) when it asks and hit enter to continue.

2. For Linux Mint and old Ubuntu 18.04, user need to manually refresh the system package index by running command:

sudo apt update

3. Finally, install this photo editing tool via command:

sudo apt install lightzone

With the PPA, you don’t have to run the apt command again and again, the future release page will be available to install in Software Updater (Update Manager) utility.

After installation, search for and launch the editor either from start menu or ‘Activities’ overview depends on your system.

Uninstall LightZone

To remove the photo editor, open a terminal window and run command:

sudo apt remove --autoremove lightzone

And remove the PPA repository either via “Software & Updates” utility under Other Software tab, or by running command:

sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:lightzone-team/lightzone

In Howtos RAW processor

Wine 8.0 Stable Released! How to Install in Ubuntu 22.04 | 20.04

Last updated: September 3, 2023 — 6 Comments

Wine, the compatibility layer for running MS Windows apps in Linux and macOS, announced new stable 8.0 release after 1 year of development.

Wine 8.0 has finally completed PE conversion. All modules can be built in PE format. Meaning various features to be supported, such as copy protection, 32-bit applications on 64-bit hosts, Windows debuggers, x86 applications on ARM, etc.

Wow64 (Microsoft’s subsystem for running 32 bit applications on 64-bit Windows) is implemented for essentially all Unix libraries. Once the legacy calls removed, it will be possible to run 32-bit Windows applications on Linux without any 32-bit Wine libraries.

Other changes in Wine 8.0 include:

Print Processor architecture implemented.
Enable light theme for configuration by default.
Convert the graphics drivers to run on the Unix side of the syscall boundary.
Effects are supported in Direct2D.
Direct3D improved with more graphics cards support.
Greatly improved the controller hotplug support.
Support Sony DualShock and DualSense controllers when the hidraw backend is used.
Introduce Windows.Gaming.Input API with hotplug notifications, force feedback effects and haptics, as well as trigger rumble support.
Mono engine updated to 7.4.0

How to Install Wine 8.0 in Ubuntu and Linux Mint

Winehq website now has a good tutorial teaching about how to install Wine packages in Ubuntu based systems. And, here is a re-write with more descriptions.

1. First, press Ctrl+Alt+T on keyboard to open a terminal window. When it opens, run command:

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386

This command makes it possible to install 32-bit packages in 64-bit Ubuntu, since Wine at the moment still requires a lot of 32-bit libraries.

2. Then, run command in terminal to create “keyrings” folder under ‘/etc/apt’ directory for storing the keys. With -p flag, it ignores error if that folder already exist.

sudo mkdir -p /etc/apt/keyrings

3. Next, use wget command line downloader to download the GPG key for winehq repository, and store in the folder you created in last step.

sudo wget -O /etc/apt/keyrings/winehq-archive.key https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/winehq.key

4. Now, run command to download the config file for Winehq apt repository and store in ‘/etc/apt/sources.list.d/’.

sudo wget -NP /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu/dists/$(lsb_release -sc)/winehq-$(lsb_release -sc).sources

IMPORTANT: This command is for Ubuntu 23.04, 22.04, 20.04, 18.04 only! For Linux Mint, Zorin OS, etc, you have to replace the “$(lsb_release -sc)” in command with the codename of Ubuntu version your system is based on:

For Ubuntu 23.04 based system, use lunar.
For Ubuntu 22.04 based system (e.g., Linux Mint 21), use jammy instead.
For Ubuntu 20.04 based (e.g., Zorin OS 16.x), use focal.
For Ubuntu 18.04 based system, use bionic

5. After setting up the Wine’s official apt repository, run the command below to fetch package index:

sudo apt update

In the output, there should be a output line indicates Get x https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu xxxxx InRelease.

6. Finally, install Wine stable 8.0, as well as dependency libraries via command:

sudo apt install --install-recommends winehq-stable

7. After successfully installed Wine packages, run command to generate the config files and open the configuration dialog.

winecfg

There you can verify Wine version and change the settings of this layer.

8 Finally, right-click on your EXE file in file manager and select “Open With Wine Windows Program Loader” (or select it from open with other applications dialog). See if Wine supports your Windows app.

How to Remove Wine 8.0

To remove the software package as well as dependency libraries, simply open terminal and run command:

sudo apt remove --autoremove winehq-stable

Also, remove the Wine apt repository by removing the source file:

sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/winehq-*.sources

And remove the key file via:

sudo rm /etc/apt/keyrings/winehq-archive.key

Finally, remember to refresh package index via sudo apt update command.

In Howtos wine

Dippi – Tells if the Laptop/External Monitor Best Choice (HiDPI or LoDPI)

Last updated: January 25, 2023 — Leave a comment

Going to buy a new monitor or laptop, or want to calculate whether it’s a HiDPI display? Here’s a handy app can help!

I previously thought that 4K and 8K displays are HiDPI, but 720p that I’m being using is LoDPI. It’s 100% wrong! HiDPI, stands for High Dots Per Inch, also known by Apple’s “Retina Display”. Meaning screens with a high resolution in a relatively small format.

A HiDPI monitor may be good for displaying photo images or playing FPS games, but not all software behaves well in high-resolution mode yet. If you’re going to buy a monitor or calculate existing display DPI, then here’s a good app for choice.

It’s ‘Dippi’, a free and open-source GTK4 application developed by a GNOME Foundation member.

With it, you just need to tell: laptop or desktop, monitor size (inches), and screen resolution. Then, it shows you aspect ratio and DPI value, as well as display’s density.

They include:

Very Low DPI,
Fairly Low DPI,
Ideal for LoDPI,
Potentially Problematic,
Ideal for HiDPI,
Fairly High for HiDPI, or
Too High DPI

Each value has some texts below to tell the text and UI feeling (too small or too large) at typical viewing distances. As a GTK4 app, it looks good in Ubuntu, Fedora and other Linux with GNOME desktop. And, it automatically changes the UI color between light and dark mode, to follow system color scheme.

How to Install Dippi

Dippi is also available as an online service, you can visit this page to analyze your display.

For most Linux users, it’s available to install as universal flatpak package in Flathub.org.

Ubuntu user can do following steps one by one to install the package:

Firstly, press Ctrl+Alt+T on keyboard to open terminal. When it opens, run command to make sure Flatpak is enabled:
```
sudo apt install flatpak
```
For the old Ubuntu 18.04, add this PPA repository before running apt install command.
Then, install the application by running command:
```
flatpak install https://dl.flathub.org/repo/appstream/com.github.cassidyjames.dippi.flatpakref
```
Like normal apps, you can search for and launch it from either start menu or ‘Activities’ overview depends on your desktop environment.

How to Remove Dippi

To remove the app installed as Flatpak, open terminal and run command:

flatpak uninstall --delete-data com.github.cassidyjames.dippi

Also clear useless runtime via flatpak uninstall --unused.

In Howtos display

Stupid Easy Way to Transfer Small Files to or from Ubuntu 22.04

Last updated: September 5, 2024 — 6 Comments

There are quite a few ways to transfer files between different machines. For Ubuntu and most other Linux, here’s an easy way for choice.

Usually, I use a USB cable or a messenger app for transferring photo images between my personal PC and mobile devices.

However, my USB cable is always NOT near at hand and I hate to scan QR code again and again on PC for logging 3rd app. In this case, creating a temporary http file server with Python is an easy and good choice.

Upside and downside

Python is pre-installed in most Linux Distros. So this is an universal method for Linux. It also works in Windows and macOS with Python programming language installed.

As a simply http server, any devices with a web browser can download (or upload) files from/to the server side either over local network or internet.

However, http is NOT designed for transferring files. It’s OK to handle small files (e.g., photo images and short videos less than a few hundred MB). But for large files with a few GB or more file size, it may not work! As well, it’s NOT secure for accessing important files outside from local network.

Single command to create a Python http server:

For those who are new to Linux, user may first open file manager, navigate to the folder that contains the files to share with other device, right-click on blank area and select “Open in Terminal”.

It will open a terminal window and automatically navigate to that folder as working directory.

Or, you can also open terminal from start menu and run cd command to navigate directory. For example, run the command below to navigate to user’s Pictures folder:

cd ~/Pictures

Then, run the single command to start a http file server (For some Linux, replace python3 with python in command):

python3 -m http.server

By default, it listens to port 8000. If the port is already in use, use python3 -m http.server 9090 to set another port number (change number 9090 as you want).

After that, visit http://ip-address:8000 (change number 8000 if you set another port) in any device via a web browser. You can then open and/or right-click save as to download any file from that folder.

Create python http server with upload support

1. If you want to send files from any device to Ubuntu Linux, open terminal and run command:

python3 -m pip install --user uploadserver

Install pip first via sudo apt install python3-pip if the command above does not work. This command will install a Python module uploadserver.

NOTE: For Ubuntu 24.04, this pip install command does NOT work due to policy change. You may either follow this tutorial for workaround, or use the command below instead:

python3 -m pip install --user uploadserver --break-system-packages

2. Then open or navigate to your desired folder in terminal window, and run command to create simple http file server with both download and upload support:

python3 -m uploadserver

Also specify port number if you want, for example, python3 -m uploadserver 9990

3. Finally, visit http://ip-address:8000 in any device via web browser can access and download files. Or, go to http://ip-address:8000/upload for uploading files.

For security reason, you may add a token authentication so client machines need to verify before being able to upload a file. To do so, run the command below instead in Ubuntu Linux:

python3 -m uploadserver -t password_here

In Howtos network

This Extension Can Save & Restore All Open App Windows in Ubuntu 22.04

Last updated: January 21, 2023 — 1 Comment

I don’t remember when’s the last time auto-save session feature works correctly in my Ubuntu machine. While, enabling hibernation could be the best choice now to save and restore all open app windows in Ubuntu.

But for those who really like the auto-save session feature, here’s an Gnome Shell extension can do the job partially.

It’s ‘Another Window Session Manager’, an extension which adds an indicator icon on top panel system tray area. It provides an option to manually save all open windows, then allows to restore either manually via menu button or automatically at login.

Save open windows

Not only for classic Xorg, but it also supports Wayland session. Also, it remembers window size, position, and workspace. The downsides are that it does not restore the window workspace correctly sometimes, and restores some apps in empty window rather than last open files or URLs.

The extension is not perfect so far, but anyhow it’s better than nothing!

How to Install this session restore extension:

The extension so far support for Gnome 40, 41, 42 and 43. Meaning not only for Ubuntu 22.04, Ubuntu 22.10, it also works in Fedora 35/36/37 workstation, Rocky Linux 9, Arch, and other Linux with recent GNOME desktop.

For Ubuntu 22.04+, first search for and install “Extension Manager” app from Ubuntu Software.

Install Extension Manager in Ubuntu 22.04+

Then, use the tool to search and install “Another Window Session Manager” under Browse tab.

For Fedora 35/36/37 and other Linux with GNOME, visit the extension web page and use ON/OFF switch to install it.

Enable Restore open windows at login

The feature to restore all open app windows on startup after user login is not enabled by default.

You can need to do following steps one by one to enable the function:

1. First, go to ‘Installed’ tab in Extension Manager. Then open the configuration dialog for the extension, by clicking on the gear button. (or install Gnome Extensions app and use the tool to open the settings).
2. Next, navigate to “Restore Sessions” tab and:
  - enable ‘Restore at startup’ toggle option.
  - enable ‘Restore at startup without asking’ to skip the confirm dialog on each login (optional)

Finally, open the indicator menu, and turn on the ON/OFF switch for your saved session, so it will restore automatically at next login.

That’s all. Enjoy!

In Howtos Gnome

How to Disable Welcome Screen (First Login Dialog) in Ubuntu 24.04/22.04

Last updated: May 5, 2024 — 5 Comments

When first time logging in a user account, it always pop-up an initial setup dialog to setup online account, livepath, privacy, etc in Ubuntu.

It’s quite annoying if you create new user accounts regularly, since all options in that dialog are also available in system settings. In this case, you can follow this tutorial to disable this function in Ubuntu 22.04 and Ubuntu 24.04.

Tip: run /usr/libexec/gnome-initial-setup --existing-user command in terminal can manually launch Welcome dialog if need in Ubuntu.

Welcome dialog in user first login

Here I’ll show you how to disable the initial setup dialog in 3 ways. Choose one of below methods that your prefer:

Method 1: Remove the software package.
Method 2: Add a rule in the service file, so it will never meet the condition to pop-up the dialog.
Method 3: Auto-generate gnome-initial-setup-done file, so it think you’re already done the initial setup

Method 1: Remove the Welcome package

The Welcome to Ubuntu dialog is handled by the gnome-initial-setup package. It’s safe to remove the package, as no other packages depend on it.

So, the most stupid and simple way to disable this feature is press Ctrl+Alt+T on keyboard to open terminal, and run command to remove the package:

sudo apt remove --autoremove gnome-initial-setup

Method 2: Disable welcome by editing the service (NOT Work for 24.04)

Without removing the package, you may also disable the feature by adding a rule into the systemd user service.

The old method by editing the “gnome-initial-setup-first-login.desktop” file under auto-start config folder (‘/etc/xdg/autostart‘) does no longer work in Ubuntu 22.04, due to rule X-GNOME-HiddenUnderSystemd=true. Meaning, the XDG Autostart config is overridden by a systemd service.

The key is the systemd service “gnome-initial-setup-first-login.service“. However, it’s running in per user level automatically at login. It’s easy to disable or mask the service for current user by running command:

systemctl --user --now mask gnome-initial-setup-first-login.service

Or, specify which user to disable/mask the service for via command:

systemctl --user --now --machine=USER_NAME_HERE@ mask gnome-initial-setup-first-login.service.service

But, I can’t figure out how to disable the service for all users, especially for non-exist user before you creating it, because you know it runs only on first login for new user (exactly until you done the welcome dialog that auto-generates gnome-initial-setup-done file in user’s .config folder.).

As a workaround, you can add a rule into the service file to skip Welcome dialog automatically for all users:

1. Firstly, press Ctrl+Alt+T on keyboard to open a terminal window. When terminal opens, copy the service file into “/etc” directory.

sudo cp /usr/lib/systemd/user/gnome-initial-setup-first-login.service /etc/systemd/user/

It works by editing the service file under ‘/usr/lib’, but changes will be overridden once Ubuntu published an update for it. So, it’s better to copy and paste it into ‘/etc’ which has higher priority.

2. Then, run command to edit the service file:

sudo gedit /etc/systemd/user/gnome-initial-setup-first-login.service

3. When the file opens, add following lines under [unit] section:

# Only run when ‘file-name-never-use’ file exist, meaning disable this service
ConditionPathExists=%E/file-name-never-use

It means only start the service when “file-name-never-use” file exist in user’s .config folder, while the first line started with # is description line.

Finally, save the file. For nano command line text editor, press Ctrl+S to save, then Ctrl+X to exit.

4. (skip this step if you’ve never edited the file) In case you’ve changed the XDG auto-start for gnome-initial-setup, open terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T) and run command:

sudo gedit /etc/xdg/autostart/gnome-initial-setup-first-login.desktop

When file opens, make sure there’s a line X-GNOME-HiddenUnderSystemd=true, so it won’t run because of the service you configured in previous steps.

That’s all, you can now try creating a user account and logging in to see the magic!

Method 3: Generate ‘gnome-initial-setup-done’ file on user creation

As you see in the last screenshot, the first login service contains a line ConditionPathExists=!%/gnome-initial-setup-done. Meaning it only launches the initial setup dialog when ‘gnome-initial-setup-done‘ file does NOT exist in user .config folder.

And, on user creation, Ubuntu and many other Linux automatically copy all the files in /etc/skel directory to the home directory of new user account. They are usually hidden .bashrc, bash_logout, .profile files run automatically at login (or log out) to setup PATH variable, command aliases, tab completion, etc.

By creating a .config sub-folder, that includes gnome-initial-setup-done file, under /etc/skel, will make all new created users include that sub-folder as well as that file in their home directory. So, at every login it thinks the initial setup has done and won’t pop-up the dialog.

To so do, simply press Ctrl+Alt+T on keyboard to open terminal. Then, run commands (thanks to @smart caraxabill):

First, create the .config sub-folder under /etc/skel:
```
sudo mkdir -p /etc/skel/.config
```

Then, create the gnome-initial-setup-done file and input yes as it content.

printf yes | sudo tee /etc/skel/.config/gnome-initial-setup-done >/dev/null

Restore the Initial Setup Dialog

Depends on which method you chose, undo the change by:

For method 1, just install the package back by running command in terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T):

sudo apt install gnome-initial-setup

For the method 2, just remove the service file under /etc so the original one will be in use:

sudo rm /etc/systemd/user/gnome-initial-setup-first-login.service

And for the last method, remove the .config sub-folder from /etc/skel directory to undo the change:

sudo rm -R /etc/skel/.config

That’s all. Enjoy!

In Howtos Gnome

Kernel 6.1 (6.1.6) Available to Install in Ubuntu 22.04 via Mainline PPA

Last updated: January 17, 2023 — Leave a comment

For those who want to try out the latest Linux Kernel 6.1.x, the Mainline Kernel PPA finally works again.

Ubuntu developer team maintains the Mainline Kernel PPA with latest Kernel packages. It however failed to build for all the Kernel releases since v6.0.10.

After more than a month until the release of Kernel 6.1.4, the maintainers finally fixed the issue and built the kernel packages correctly for Ubuntu 22.04 +.

How to Install Kernel 6.1.x in Ubuntu 22.04

NOTE: Mainline Kernels are built for testing purpose! They are not supported and are not appropriate for production use. Use them at your own risk

Unlike normal Ubuntu PPAs, there’s no need to add the Mainline PPA into system repository. Just download the .deb packages from the repository page and install them.

1. At the moment of writing, the latest version is Kernel 6.1.6, available to download at the link below. For other versions, go to this page.

Download Kernel 6.1.6

For modern 64-bit computer/laptop, select download the top 4 amd64/build packages. For arm64 devices, download the 3 of next 6 packages (either with or without 64k). There are as well the packages for armhf, ppc64el, and s390x available to download.

Or, user can run commands below one by one in terminal to download the packages (64-bit only):

wget -c https://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v6.1.6/amd64/linux-headers-6.1.6-060106-generic_6.1.6-060106.202301141035_amd64.deb

wget -c https://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v6.1.6/amd64/linux-headers-6.1.6-060106_6.1.6-060106.202301141035_all.deb

wget -c https://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v6.1.6/amd64/linux-image-unsigned-6.1.6-060106-generic_6.1.6-060106.202301141035_amd64.deb

wget -c https://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v6.1.6/amd64/linux-image-unsigned-6.1.6-060106-generic_6.1.6-060106.202301141035_amd64.deb

2. After downloading the packages, install them via apt command.

If you downloaded the packages via web browser link, you may first open the Downloads folder in file manager. Then, right-click on blank area and select “Open in Terminal” first to open that folder as working directory in terminal.

Finally, run command to install all .deb packages in the folder:

sudo apt install ./*.deb

3. When done, restart your machine and verify your kernel via command:

uname -a

NOTE: Mainline Kernels are not signed. You may need to disable Secure Boot in BIOS to make it work.

Uninstall Kernel 6.1.x

For any reason, you can easily remove the Kernel by doing following steps.

1. Firstly, reboot and select the old Kernel in boot menu under “Advanced Options for Ubuntu”.

2. Open terminal (Ctrl+Alt+T), and run command to remove Kernel you just installed (change version number accordingly):

sudo apt remove --autoremove linux-modules-6.1.6-060106-generic linux-headers-6.1.6-060106

Tip: you may type linux-modules-6 and hit Tab key to auto-complete the package name. Also type linux-headers-6 and hit Tab for the second.

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